An art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century, begun by a group of artists and poets associated with the Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich in 1916 and spreading to Berlin shortly thereafter. In parallel, Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia had met Man Ray in New York and became the the centre of radical anti-art activities in the United States.

The movement was a reaction to the horrors of WWI and rejected all reason and logic. It laid the groundwork for Surrealism and Abstractionism and can be seen as a prelude to Postmodernism, an influence on Pop Art and a celebration of anti-art.

Key figures in the movement included Jean Arp, Francis Picabia, the poet Paul Éluard, George Grosz, Man Ray, Marcel Duchamp and Max Ernst, among others.